Сурункали гипертрофик гингивит этиопатогенизида микроорганизмлар аҳамиятини баҳолаш ва даволашда табиий дори воситаларидан самарали фойдаланиш

Abstract

Relevance. Inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD), including chronic hypertrophic gingivitis (CHG) and chronic catarrhal gingivitis (CCG), are known to be associated with local factors such as oral hygiene, dental and occlusal anomalies, periodontal pocket depth, and the microbiological and immunological characteristics of oral fluid. Disturbances in periodontal tissue hemodynamics and metabolism, along with microorganisms such as St. dentisani, St. salivarius, and other species of the oral microbiome, play an important role in the development of CHG and CCG. However, modern molecular research using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has identified genes such as mecA, VanA and VanB, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), highlighting the need for region-specific therapeutic and preventive strategies.
Materials and methods. The study included 230 children and adolescents: chronic hypertrophic gingivitis (CHG, n=165) and periodontally healthy controls (C/G, n=65). Clinical, functional, immunological, histobiochemical, and microbiological examinations of the maxillofacial region, periodontal tissues, and oral fluid were performed.
Results. Identified risk factors included poor oral hygiene (GI, PI, OHI-s, CPITN and gingival bleeding indices); occlusal anomalies (51.5%), including anterior tooth crowding (32.1%), shortened lip/tongue frenulum and narrow oral vestibule (35.1%). Immunological changes included increased CD8⁺ T-cell count, decreased CD4⁺, and elevated serum levels of IgG, IgA and IgM. Mean counts of opportunistic microbial colonies in oral fluid were: Str. β – 94.6±0.4*, Neisseria – 54.8±0.2*, Candida – 54.8±0.2*, with altered levels in periodontal pockets: –144.6±0.68*, – 8.3±0.22*, –4.6±0.3* respectively. Porphyromonas gingivalis (11.6%), Treponema denticola (10%), and Tannerella forsythensis (6.7%) were detected. For the first time, microbial genes mecA, VanA and VanB, as well as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), were identified. Based on the findings, the efficacy of the proposed therapeutic complex — “Inflamdent” gel and the herbal infusion “Ginger” — was proven in comparison with conventional treatment.
Conclusion. The detected microbial genes mecA, VanA and VanB, as well as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), may be considered potential risk factors in the onset of CHG. The combined use of locally produced “Inflamdent” gel and the herbal infusion “Ginger” demonstrated significant clinical, dental, immunological, and microbiological effectiveness in treatment and prevention.