Исламская биоэтика и искусственный интеллект: вызовы локальной нормативности

Abstract

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare systems is transforming clinical practice and decision-making processes, while simultaneously raising complex ethical and normative questions. This article examines the challenges of ethical governance of AI in medicine within the context of a secular state characterized by socially significant religious consciousness, using the Republic of Uzbekistan as a case study. The study is grounded in a qualitative, interdisciplinary methodology combining bioethical analysis, normative philosophy, and sociocultural examination of regulatory practices.
Empirical analysis reveals a pronounced asymmetry between the active institutional support for AI-driven medical technologies and the limited development of bioethical and ethical frameworks guiding their application. AI is predominantly perceived as a value-neutral technological instrument, whereas bioethics remains marginal in clinical and regulatory settings. The findings also demonstrate that Islamic bioethics, despite its growing engagement in global ethical discourse, exerts a fragmented and largely indirect influence on the governance of medical technologies at the local level.
The article argues that the absence of an integrated ethical infrastructure increases the risk of technologically driven healthcare reforms lacking adequate normative reflection, particularly regarding patient autonomy and informed consent. The main contribution of the study lies in conceptualizing Islamic bioethics not as an alternative to secular bioethics, but as a potentially complementary normative resource that remains underutilized in the ethical regulation of AI in medicine. The results underscore the need for institutionalized dialogue between medical professionals, ethicists, and religious authorities to ensure ethically sustainable implementation of AI in healthcare.